Law on amendments to Law on Education of Vietnam 2025

 

LAW

AMENDMENTS TO LAW ON EDUCATION

Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam amended by Resolution No. 203/2025/QH15;

The National Assembly promulgates the Law on amendments to the Law on Education No. 43/2019/QH14.

Article 1. Amendments to Law on Education

1. Some points and clauses of Article 6 shall be amended as follows:

a) Points c and d clause 2 shall be amended as follows:

“c) Vocational education includes elementary-level, vocational secondary-level, intermediate-level, or college-level education and other vocational training programs;

d) Higher education includes bachelor  and postgraduate education.”.

b) Clause 3 shall be amended as follows:

“3. The Prime Minister shall make decisions on the approval of the structural framework of the national educational system and the Vietnamese Qualifications Framework; stipulate the duration, standards of each training level, the minimal learning quantity for educational levels and qualifications of vocational education and higher education; prescribe duration, standards, subjects, minimal learning quantity for education and training programs in specializations/professions, including arts, physical education, sports, and other specific fields.”

2. Clauses 2 and 3 Article 9 shall be amended as follows:

“2. Student classification is a measure of organizing educational activities on the basis of career orientation in education, enabling learners who complete lower/upper/vocational secondary education programs and equivalents to continue with their studies in higher educational levels/qualifications or to join the labor force with regard to personal capacity, interests, talents, conditions, and social needs.

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall elaborate career orientation and student classification.”.

3. Article 12 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 12. Degrees/diplomas and certificates

1. Degrees/diplomas of the national educational system are physical or digital degrees/diplomas issued to learners who successfully completing an upper secondary education; or an education or training program and meeting the graduation standards of the corresponding qualification in  vocational education or higher education as prescribed in this Law.

2.  Degrees/diplomas of the national educational system consist of the following: upper secondary diploma, diplomas of vocational secondary schools, diploma of intermediate schools, college degree, bachelor degree, master degree, doctoral degree and degrees/diplomas of intensive training programs in specific disciplines and fields.

3. Certificates of the national educational system are physical or digital certificates issued to learners to acknowledge their learning results upon successful completion of courses for knowledge or professional improvement or to candidates of certification examinations as prescribed by law.

4. Degrees/diplomas and certificates issued by educational institutions of educational types and modes in the national educational system shall have equal legal values.

5. The Minister of Education and Training shall elaborate management of degrees/diplomas and certificates of the national education system and recognition of other certificates to be used in the national education system.”.

4. Some clauses of Article 14 shall be amended as follows:

a) Clause 1 shall be amended as follows:

“1. Primary education and lower secondary education are compulsory.

The State shall provide the universalization of preschool education for children aged 3 to 6 years old.”;

b) Clause 5 shall be added after clause 4 as follows:

“5. The Government shall elaborate clauses 1 and 2 of this Article.”.

5. Article 19 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 19. Science, technology and innovation activities

1. Science, technology and innovation activities are tasks of educational institutions; and are implemented in accordance with objectives, programs, and tasks of each educational level and training qualification.

2. Educational institutions shall implement or cooperate with scientific and technological organizations and production, trade and service units to carry out education, training, scientific research, technological development and innovation in accordance with the law.

3. The State shall issue policies to encourage and promote scientific research, technological development, and innovation, and the controlled application of technology and artificial intelligence in educational institutions in association with practical requirements and approach to international trends in order to improve the quality of education and develop human resources, and focus on development of high-quality human resources to meet requirements for socio-economic development.

4. The State shall invest in comprehensive digital transformation in education and training through the development of digital infrastructure, digital platforms, national database of education and training, and the application of digital technology to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of state governance and management, teaching and learning, scientific research, technology, and innovation.

5. The State shall issue policies to prioritize and facilitate investment in infrastructure and technology, and support training to promote research, application, and development of artificial intelligence in education and training.

6. The Government shall elaborate this Article.”.

6. Point b clause 1 Article 25 shall be amended as follows:

“b) Concretize the outcome requirements for qualities and competence upon successful completion of junior  and senior kindergarten education; prescribe content, activities, methods, forms, educational environment, and assessment of children’s development;”.

7. Some points and clauses of Article 28 shall be amended as follows:

a) Point c clause 1 shall be amended as follows:

“c) Upper secondary education lasts for 03 school years, from the tenth to the twelfth grade. Students must complete the lower secondary education program or equivalent program before entering the tenth grade. The entry age for the tenth grade is 15.”;

b) Clause 4 shall be amended as follows:

“4. The Minister of Education and Training shall stipulate the teaching and learning of the Vietnamese language to children of ethnic minorities prior to the commencement of the first grade; the teaching of the upper secondary education knowledge in institutions of vocational education; the teaching of general education knowledge in training programs for specialized disciplines and professions; cases where schooling could be commenced at younger ages or at lower or higher ages prescribed in clause 1 of this Article.”.

8. Article 32 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 32. Textbooks of general education and local educational materials

1. Textbooks of general education are regulated as follows:

a) Textbooks must implement programs of general education, concretizing the requirements on educational objectives and contents, on students’ quality and capacity as defined in programs of general education; direct teaching methods and methods of assessing and evaluating education quality; contents and formats of textbooks shall not carry prejudices based on ethnicity, religion, profession, gender, age and social status; textbooks may be in the printed, Braille or electronic forms;

b) The Government shall prescribe free-of-charge provision of textbooks for students; the Minister of Education and Training decide a unified set of general education textbooks to be used nationwide;

c) The Minister of Education and Training shall prescribe and establish the national appraisal council of each subject and each educational activity for appraisal of textbooks.  The council and the council members shall be responsible for the appraisal contents and quality;

d) The Minister of Education and Training shall approve textbooks used in institutions of general education after they are appraised by the national appraisal council and considered satisfactory; and regulate standards, compilation and editing processes of textbooks of general education.

2. Local educational materials are regulated as follows:

a) Local educational materials are compiled by specialized agencies affiliated to provincial People’s Committees. Such materials must meet needs and be appropriate to local characteristics;

b) The Chairperson of provincial People’s Committee shall decide to establish a council for appraisal of local educational materials (hereinafter referred to as “provincial appraisal council”).  The council and the council members shall be responsible for the appraisal content and quality;

c) The Chairperson of provincial People’s Committee shall approve local educational materials used in institutions of general education after they are appraised by the provincial appraisal council and considered satisfactory;

d) The Minister of Education and Training shall regulate standards, compilation and editing processes of local educational materials.”.

9. Article 34 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 34. Certification for completion of primary, lower and upper secondary education, and issuance of upper secondary diploma

1. Students who complete the primary or lower secondary education program and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training will be certified in their official academic records by a primary/lower secondary school principal that they have completed primary or lower secondary education.

2. Students who complete the upper secondary education program and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training will be eligible to take the examination. Those who pass the examination are issued with diplomas of upper secondary education by the school principal.

If a student does not take the examination or fails to pass the examination, the school principal will issue a certificate for completion of general education. Certificate for completion of general education is used to register for the examination for the upper secondary diploma per learners’ wish or per the requirements to continue studying in vocational education and is used in specific cases as prescribed by law.”.

10. Article 35 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 35. Educational levels and training qualifications of vocational education

1. Vocational education trains at elementary level and provides other vocational training programs for learners with appropriate educational qualifications.

2. Vocational secondary education is provided for learners who have completed the lower secondary education program or equivalent; vocational secondary education and upper secondary education have the same educational level.

3. Vocational education trains, at intermediate-level or college-level, learners who have completed upper secondary education, vocational secondary education or equivalent or higher. Vocational education at intermediate-level, in specializations/professions, including arts, physical education, sports, and other specific fields shall comply with the Government’s regulations.

11. Article 38 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 38. Training qualifications of higher education

1. Bachelor education is provided for learners who have completed the upper secondary education, the vocational secondary education or equivalent or higher.

2. Postgraduate education includes:

a) Master education, provided for learners who have completed at least bachelor education;

b) Doctoral education, provided for learners who have completed master education or at least bachelor education;

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall prescribe transferability among vocational secondary, intermediate, college and higher education.”.

12. Point d clause 1 Article 43 shall be amended as follows:

“d) Lower secondary education programs and education programs leading to degrees/diplomas of the national educational system.”.

13. Clause 4 Article 44 shall be amended as follows:

“4. General education institutions, vocational education institutions, higher education institutions implementing continuing education programs shall perform their educational and training duties, and carry out programs defined in point d clause 1 of Article 43 of this Law according to regulations of the Minister of Education and Training.”.

14. Clauses 2 and 3 Article 45 shall be amended as follows:

“2. Students who complete the lower secondary education program specified in point d clause 1 Article 43 of this Law and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training will be certified in their official academic records by the head of the educational institution providing the lower secondary education program that they have completed lower secondary education.

3. Students who complete the upper secondary education program specified in point d clause 1 Article 43 of this Law and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training will be eligible to take the examination. Those who pass the examination are issued with diplomas of upper secondary education by the head of the educational institution providing the upper secondary education program.

If a student does not take the examination or fails to pass the examination, the head of the educational institution providing the continuing education program as stipulated in clause 4, Article 44 of this Law shall issue a certificate of completion of general education.”.

15. Article 52 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 52. Jurisdiction and procedure for establishment or establishment permission; issuance of education licenses, suspension of admission, suspension of educational activities; revocation of decisions on establishment, establishment permission, issuance of education licenses, change of locations where educational activities are conducted, training locations, merger, division, dissolution and renaming of schools

1. Establishment or establishment permission; issuance of education licenses, suspension of admission, suspension of educational activities; revocation of decisions on establishment, establishment permission, issuance of education licenses, change of locations where educational activities are conducted, training locations, merger, division, dissolution and renaming of schools shall be consistent with socio-economic development requirements, strategies, planning,  objectives of each educational level and training qualification, and financial capacity, facilities, staff, and other quality assurance conditions of the schools.

2. The following persons have the jurisdiction to establish public schools or to grant permission to establish private schools:

a) Chairpersons of commune-level People’s Committees have the jurisdiction to decide establishment of kindergartens, primary schools, lower secondary schools, multi-level schools, semi-boarding ethnic schools, boarding ethnic schools, boarding schools whose highest level is lower secondary;

b) Chairpersons of provincial People’s Committees have the jurisdiction to decide establishment of upper secondary schools; multi-level schools; semi-boarding ethnic schools; boarding ethnic schools; boarding schools whose highest level is upper secondary; immediate schools; vocational secondary schools within their provinces; junior kindergartens; primary schools, lower secondary schools, upper secondary schools as proposed by foreign diplomatic representative agencies and/or intergovernmental international organizations;

c) The Minister of Education and Training has the jurisdiction to decide establishment of pre-university schools, colleges, universities and parent universities;

d) The Minister of National Defense has the jurisdiction to decide establishment of junior kindergartens, upper secondary schools, immediate schools and colleges affiliated to the Ministry of National Defense; the Minister of Public Security has the jurisdiction to decide establishment of upper secondary schools, immediate schools and colleges affiliated to the Ministry of Public Security.

3. The jurisdiction to issue education licenses to schools at educational levels and qualifications shall be exercised according to the Government’s regulations.

The persons having the jurisdiction to issue education licenses have the jurisdiction to decide suspension of admission, suspension of educational activities and revocation of decisions on issuance of education licenses.

4. The persons having the jurisdiction to establish schools or grant permission for school establishment also have the jurisdiction to revoke decisions on establishment, establishment permission, change of locations where educational activities are conducted, training locations, merger, division, dissolution and renaming of schools.

In case of merger of schools that are not established by authorities of the same level, the superior authority shall make decisions; in case the establishing authorities are of the same level, they shall reach a consensus on decisions.

5. The Government shall provide for conditions and procedures for establishment or establishment permission; issuance of education licenses, suspension of admission, suspension of educational operation; revocation of decisions on establishment, establishment permission, issuance of education licenses, change of locations where educational activities are conducted, training locations, merger, division, dissolution and renaming of schools.”.

16. Clause 3 Article 54 shall be amended as follows:

“3. Founding investors of private educational institutions may choose one of the following options:

a) Invest in the establishment of an economic organization in accordance with the Law on Investment and Law on Enterprises in order for this economic organization to establish a private educational institution as prescribed in this Law;

b) Invest directly in the establishment of a private educational institution as prescribed in this Law.

If there are two or more investors, an economic organization must be established to establish the educational institution as prescribed in point a, clause 3 of this Article.”.

17. Article 55 shall be amended as follows:

Article 55. School council

1. School councils of private vocational education institutions, private higher education institutions and vocational education institutions and higher education institutions established in accordance with Agreements between the Government of Vietnam and foreign governments shall operate according to the Law on Vocational Education and the Law on Higher Education.

2. School council of a private kindergarten is a school management organization nominated by the community that establishes the kindergarten; and it shall be responsible for deciding operational direction, planning, plans for development, organization, personnel, finance, and assets, thereby ensuring that the educational objectives are achieved in accordance with the law.

The school council shall be composed of representatives of the residential community, the local government and capital contributors to construction and maintenance of operation of the kindergarten.

3. School council of a private kindergarten or a private general education institution is a school management organization, representing the investor and parties with relevant benefits and taking responsibility for executing the investor’s decision.

The school council shall be composed of representatives of the investor, school members and non-members voted and decided in an investor conference on the basis of the percentage of capital contribution.

4. Establishment procedures, organizational structure, tasks and powers of school councils; relationship between investors and school councils, principals specified in clause 2 and clause 3 of this Article shall be prescribed in charters and rules for organization and operation of schools.”.

18. Some clauses of Article 61 shall be amended as follows:

a) Clause 1 shall be amended as follows:

“1. The State shall establish boarding ethnic schools, semi-boarding ethnic schools, boarding schools and pre-university schools for ethnic learners, and for learners who permanently reside in extremely disadvantaged areas, ethnic minority and mountainous regions, and border communes.”;

b) Clause 3 shall be amended as follows:

“3. The Minister of Education and Training shall provide for rules for organization and operation and conditions to be satisfied by students to study at boarding ethnic schools, semi-boarding ethnic schools, boarding schools and pre-university schools.”.

19. Clause 1 Article 62 shall be amended as follows:

“1. Selective schools shall be established at upper secondary level for students with excellent study achievements to develop their talents in certain subjects on the basis of maintenance of comprehensive general education, thereby establishing a foundation for provision of training for talents to meet the development requirements of the country.

Schools for gifted students in arts, sports and athletics and other schools for gifted students shall be established to detect and train gifted students and develop their talents and specialist skills in these fields.”.

20. Clause 3 shall be added after clause 2 Article 63 as follows:

“3. The Minister of Education and Training shall issue rules for organization and operation of schools and classes for the disabled.”.

21. Article 66 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 66. Educators in educational institutions under the national education system

1.  Educators in educational institutions under the national education system include:

a) Permanent educator who is employed and works full-time at only one educational institution;

b) Co-permanent educators of vocational education institutions and public higher education institutions according to the Law on Vocational Education and the Law on Higher Education;

c) Educators working under full-time contracts after their retirement who sign full-time contracts with educational institutions to perform their educator duties after their retirement;

d) Guest educators who are invited by educational institutions to teach at least one subject, module, course, thematic topic, or content in education or training programs carried out by such educational institutions.  Guest educators include guest teachers and lecturers.

2. Permanent educators shall comply with regulations of the Law on Educators.

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall issue specific regulations on  educators working under full-time contracts after their retirement and guest educators.”.

22. Article 66a and Article 66b shall be added to Section 2 Chapter IV as follows:

 “Article 66a. Education managers and educational institution managers

1. Education managers are regulated as follows:

a) Education managers are civil servant who exercise the rights and fulfill the obligations in accordance with the law on civil servant;

b) Educators who are seconded by competent authorities to work as education managers shall get to keep their current allowances as stipulated by the Government.

2. Educational institution managers are regulated as follows:

a) Educational institution managers are management public employees working in management positions at educational institutions.

b) Educational institution managers must meet standards and conditions, exercise the rights and fulfill the obligations according to regulations of the Minister of Education and Training and relevant laws;

c) Managers of vocational education institutions, higher education institutions, and schools affiliated to state agencies, political organizations, and socio-political organizations who meet educator training qualification requirements may act as guest educators at educational institutions where they work if required, or may concurrently undertake teaching tasks if assigned by educational institutions;

d) Public educational institution managers shall be entitled to professional allowances and other allowances according to the Government’s regulations;

dd) The Government shall prescribe procedures for appointing educational institution managers.

3. These regulations do not apply to education managers and managers at educational institutions of the armed forces.

Article 66b. Education assistance personnel and other personnel

1. Education assistance personnel are regulated as follows:

a) Education assistance personnel in educational institutions include those who work in professional and technical positions but are not educators, and work in assistant positions, and other positions consistent with the organizational structure of educational institutions as prescribed by competent authorities (hereinafter referred to as “education assistance personnel”);

b) Education assistance personnel in public educational institutions shall be entitled to professional allowances and other allowances according to the Government’s regulations;

c) The Minister of Education and Training shall prescribe the list of job positions and staffing norm for education assistance personnel in public educational institutions.

2. Personnel other than education assistance personnel as stipulated in clause 1 of this Article (hereinafter referred to as “other personnel”) shall comply with regulations of the Law on Vocational Education, the Law on Higher Education, and other relevant laws.

3. Education assistance personnel and other personnel shall meet the standards prescribed by the Minister of Education and Training and the Minister or the Head of the Ministry-level agency managing specialized civil servants; and exercise the rights and fulfill the obligations of their job positions as prescribed by law.

4. Local authorities, educational institutions, and institutions engaged in vocational education shall issue policies to assist education assistance personnel and other personnel in accordance with practical conditions and financial resources of institutions.

23. Some clauses of Article 85 shall be amended as follows:

a) Clauses 1 and 2 shall be amended as follows:

“1. The State shall issue policies to award scholarships to students as follows:

a) Academic scholarships shall be awarded to students in selective schools and schools for gifted students specified in Article 62 of this Law and learners at vocational education institutions and higher education institutions; the priority shall be given to learners enrolled in talent training programs and key training fields that meet socio-economic development needs in each stage;

b) Policy scholarships shall be awarded to students enrolled by the form of direct admission, students at pre-university schools, boarding ethic schools, learners at vocational education institutions for war invalids and the disabled.

2. The State shall elaborate policies on subsidies and exemption/reduction of tuition fees for learners who are social policy beneficiaries, ethnic minorities, learners who permanently reside in extremely disadvantaged areas, ethnic minority and mountainous regions, and border communes, orphans, homeless children, the disabled, persons of poor and near-poor households.

b) Clause 4a shall be added after clause 4 as follows:

“4a.The National Scholarship Fund is a juridical person, has its own seal and account, is affiliated the Ministry of Education and Training and operate for non-profit purposes.

a) The National Scholarship Fund is created by annual funding covered by state budget; voluntary contributions, donations, and gifts from organizations and individuals; and other legal sources as prescribed by law. At the end of the fiscal year, voluntary contributions, donations, or gifts unused shall be retained in the fund for use and are not required to be transferred to state budget;

b) The National Scholarship Fund shall award scholarships to learners participating in talent training programs with the priority given to postgraduate students and learners in basic science, engineering and technology fields and other priority fields; encourage and support learning of and research conducted by students, including undergraduates and postgraduate students; support the development of vocational skills for learners in association with the needs of the labor market and international integration, thereby meeting the needs of socio-economic development in each period and the education development;

c) The Government shall promulgate rules for organization, management and use of the National Scholarship Fund.”.

24. Article 99 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 99. Tuition fees, charges for ancillary services serving education (hereinafter referred to as “education service charges”) and education and training service expenses

1. Tuition fee is a contribution made by a learner to partially or fully cover education and training service expenses. Tuition fee shall be determined on the basis of a roadmap for covering education and training service expenses as prescribed by the Government. Regarding a vocational education institution or a higher education institution, this fee shall be determined according to the Law on Vocational Education and Law on Higher Education.

2. Education and training service expenses include total amount of salary, direct teaching costs, management costs and costs for depreciation of fixed assets directly and indirectly serving  educational activities according education programs.

Admission fee paid by a candidate when submitting an application or taking an entrance examination shall be determined based on roadmaps of accuracy and adequacy.

Education services shall be provided to facilitate and improve the quality and effectiveness of education, thereby meeting the comprehensive development needs of learners, and serve the operation of educational institutions, but education service charges are not covered by state budget or included in tuition fees; such charges shall be determined according to the principles of accuracy and adequacy.

3. Kindergarten children, general education students, and learners in general education programs at public educational institutions shall be exempt from tuition fees. Kindergarten children, general education students, and learners in general education programs at private educational institutions will have tuition fees subsidized by the State; the subsidy shall be decided by the provincial People’s Council. The tuition fee subsidy shall be based on the tuition fee framework stipulated by the Government, but shall not exceed the tuition fee charged by the private educational institution.

4. Tuition fees and education service charges shall be collected and managed as follows:

a)  The Government shall provide for management of tuition fees, education service charges, and service prices in the field of education for educational institutions under the national education system;

b) Provincial People’s Councils shall decide specific tuition fees to serve as the basis for tuition fee exemption applying to kindergarten children, general education students, and learners in general education programs at public educational institutions; and decide tuition fees for kindergarten children, general education students, and learners in general education programs at private educational institutions as requested by provincial People’s Committees;

c) The provincial People’s Committee shall issue regulations on collection and use of admission fees for educational levels and decide list of and charges for education services under its management according to clause 2 of this Article;

d) Each vocational education institution or higher education institution shall decide the list of and charges for education services as prescribed in clause 2 of this Article, except for services whose prices are set by the State, and shall be responsible for publicly announcing such charges for each course, educational level, and academic year as prescribed by law;

dd) Private educational institutions have the right to proactively determine tuition fees and other service charges to cover costs and for accumulation; to publicly announce education and training service expenses as committed in their establishment plans; and to publicly announce tuition fees and other service charges for each course, educational level, and academic year in accordance with the law.”.

25. Clause 3 Article 102 shall be amended as follows:

“3. Regarding private kindergartens; and private general education institutions, vocational education institutions, and private higher education institutions, capital transfer shall comply with laws on investment and enterprises and relevant laws; maintain stability and development; must not disrupt educational activities; and protect the rights of learners, educators, and employees.

After the capital transfer, educational institutions shall notify education management authorities as delegated and according to the Government’s regulations”.

26. Clause 3 Article 104 shall be amended as follows:

“3.  Prescribing educator standards, criteria for public employee title in other disciplines under the management; working principles of educators and educational institution managers; professional standards applicable to heads and deputy heads of public educational institutions; list of job positions and staffing norms in educational institutions; codes of conduct for educators; titles equivalent to educator title; jurisdiction to recruit educators and recruitment conditions to be satisfied by educational institutions; training programs; direction and organization of training courses for educators, education managers, educational institution managers, and other personnel in educational institutions.”.

27. Clause 5 Article 105 shall be amended as follows:

“5. People’s Committees of all levels shall perform state management of education within the scope of their duties and powers as delegated or authorized, in accordance with the law in such a way to meet education development conditions in their provinces.”.

28. Clause 2a shall be added after clause 2 Article 107 as follows:

“2a. The State encourages and enables Vietnamese educational institutions to establish representative offices, develop training activities, invest, conduct scientific research and cooperate with reputable educational institutions in foreign countries, thereby contributing to promotion of Vietnamese education in other countries, access to modern technologies, and development of knowledge diplomacy.

29. Article 109 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 109. Recognition of foreign degrees/diplomas

1. A degree/diploma issued by a foreign educational institution will be recognized when the educational institution legally operates, has education programs that meet quality standards set by the degree/diploma-issuing country, and complies with Vietnamese law.

2. The Minister of Education and Training shall elaborate conditions, procedures and jurisdiction over recognition of degrees/diplomas issued by foreign educational institutions.”.

30. Article 110 shall be amended as follows:

“Article 110. Education quality assurance and accreditation

1. Education quality assurance is a regular and continuous task of an educational institution under the national education system, and is aimed at improving quality, upholding accountability, and meeting the needs of learners and society.

2. Assurance of the quality of preschool education, general education and continuing education shall focus on innovation in teaching and learning methods, staff development, fulfillment of quality assurance conditions, improvement of the effectiveness of school management, and recognition of schools that meet national standards.

3. Vocational and higher education quality assurance and accreditation shall comply with the Law on Vocational Education and the Law on Higher Education.

4. The Minister of Education and Training shall provide for assurance of quality at educational institutions; provide guidance, inspect and supervise education quality assurance and accreditation.”.

31. Some phrases shall be amended, replaced and annulled; and some articles and clauses shall be annulled as follows:

“a) The phrase “cán bộ quản lý cơ sở giáo dục,” (educational institution managers) shall be added after the phrase “cán bộ quản lý giáo dục” (education managers) in clause 2 Article 25, clause 2 Article 31; the phrase “trường phổ thông nội trú” (boarding schools) shall be added after the phrase “trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú” (semi-boarding ethic schools) in the title and clause 2 of Article 61; the phrase “trường trung học nghề” (vocational secondary schools) shall be added after the phrase “trường trung cấp” (immediate schools) in clause 2 Article 80; the phrase “, trong đó phân bổ chi đầu tư đạt ít nhất 5% tổng chi ngân sách nhà nước và chi cho giáo dục đại học đạt ít nhất 3% tổng chi ngân sách nhà nước” (, including investment expense and higher education expense that make up at least 5% and 3% of total state budget expense, respectively) shall be added after the phrase “20% tổng chi ngân sách nhà nước” (at least 20% of the state budget) at the end of clause 1 Article 96; the phrase “làm quản lý” (perform management) shall be added after the phrase “học tập” (study) in clause 1 Article 108; the phrase “CÁN BỘ QUẢN LÝ, NHÂN SỰ HỖ TRỢ GIÁO DỤC VÀ NHÂN SỰ KHÁC” (MANAGERS, EDUCATION ASSISTANCE PERSONNEL AND OTHER PERSONNEL) shall be added after the phrase “NHÀ GIÁO” (EDUCATORS) in the title of Chapter IV;

b) The phrase “gồm nhà đầu tư trong nước và nhà đầu tư nước ngoài” (domestic investors and foreign investors) shall be replaced by the phrase “theo quy định của pháp luật về đầu tư” (in accordance with the law on investment) in clause 11 Article 5; the phrase “cán bộ quản lý giáo dục” (education managers) shall be replaced by the phrase “cán bộ quản lý cơ sở giáo dục” (educational institution managers) in point c clause 2 Article 47, Article 74, clause 8 Article 104; the phrase “trung cấp sư phạm, cao đẳng sư phạm” (vocational secondary education in pedagogy, pedagogical colleges) shall be replaced by the phrase “giáo dục nghề nghiệp” (vocational education) in clause 2 Article 105; the phrase “cho phép hoạt động” (permission for operation) shall be replaced by the phrase “cấp phép hoạt động” (issuance of operation licenses) in clause 2 Article 112; the phrase “NHIỆM VỤ VÀ QUYỀN CỦA NHÀ GIÁO” (DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF EDUCATORS) shall be replaced by the phrase “VỊ TRÍ, VAI TRÒ, TIÊU CHUẨN CỦA CÁN BỘ QUẢN LÝ, NHÂN SỰ HỖ TRỢ GIÁO DỤC VÀ NHÂN SỰ KHÁC” (POSITIONS, ROLES, STANDARDS TO BE SATISFIED BY MANAGERS, EDUCATION ASSISTANCE PERSONNEL AND OTHER PERSONNEL) in the title of Section 2 Chapter IV; the phrase “KIỂM ĐỊNH CHẤT LƯỢNG GIÁO DỤC” (EDUCATION QUALITY ACCREDITATION”) shall be replaced by the phrase “BẢO ĐẢM CHẤT LƯỢNG VÀ KIỂM ĐỊNH CHẤT LƯỢNG GIÁO DỤC” (EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ACCREDITATION) in the Section 3 chapter VIII;

c) The phrase “giáo dục nghề nghiệp” (vocational education) in clause 1 Article 53; the phrase “, trừ trung tâm giáo dục nghề nghiệp” (, except for vocational education centers) in clause 3 Article 65; and the phrase “và quy định trách nhiệm, quyền hạn của tổ chức kiểm định chất lượng giáo dục đối với giáo dục mầm non, giáo dục phổ thông và giáo dục thường xuyên” (and prescribe responsibilities and powers of education quality accreditation organizations towards/over preschool education, general education and continuing education) in point b clause 2 Article 112 shall be annulled;

d) The phrase “Bộ trưởng Bộ Lao động – Thương binh và Xã hội” (the Minister of Labour – War Invalids and Social Affairs) in clause 4 Article 6, clause 5 Article 8, clause 5 Article 43, clause 3 Article 53, clause 3 Article 62, clause 2 Article 64, clause 3 Article 65, clause 4 Article 74; and the phrase “Bộ Lao động – Thương binh và Xã hội” (the Ministry of Labour – War Invalids and Social Affairs) in clause 4 Article 105 shall be annulled;

dd) Clause 3 of Article 10, Article 18, clause 2 of Article 28, clause 5 of Article 44, Article 49, Article 50, Article 51, clause 1 of Article 54, clauses 3 and 4 of Article 56, Article 67, Article 68, Article 69, Article 70, Article 71, Article 72, Article 73, Article 75, Article 76, Article 77, Article 78, clause 2 of Article 103, clause 3 of Article 105, Article 111, Article 113, Article 115 shall be annulled.

Article 2. Implementation clauses

1. This Law comes into force from January 01, 2026, except for clauses, Articles and regulations in clause 2 of this Article and transitional clauses on education quality accreditation of preschool education institutions, general education institutions and continuing education institutions specified in point a clause 3 of this Article.

2. Point b of clause 1, clauses 4, 13, 15, point b, clause 23 of Article 1 and the Government’s regulations on free-of-charge provision of textbooks for students in clause 8 of Article 1 of this Law come into force from July 01, 2026.

3. Transitional clauses:

a)  Certificates of satisfactory education quality issued to preschool education institutions, general education institutions and continuing education institutions before the effective date of this Law shall continue to be valid until the expiry dates written on these certificates.

Preschool education institutions, general education institutions and continuing education institutions notified by competent authorities that their applications for registration of external assessment have been approved before the effective date of this Law may continue to follow and complete education quality accreditation procedures according to the Law on Education No. 43/2019/QH14 and relevant laws until the end of the accreditation cycle.

From January 01, 2026 preschool education institutions, general education institutions and continuing education institutions shall ensure education quality in accordance with other regulations of this Law and guiding documents;

b) From January 01, 2026, school councils of kindergartens and public general education institutions shall terminate their operations and hand over all relevant records and documents to principals; principals shall notify their direct superior bodies within 06 months from the time of termination of operations;

c) Valid applications for processing administrative procedures that have been submitted to competent authorities or persons before July 01, 2026, shall continue to be processed by such competent authorities or persons in accordance with the law at the time of submission of these applications, even if the jurisdiction to process such administrative procedures has been adjusted according to regulations of this Law;

d) The Minister of Education and Training shall give written opinions on, and Chairpersons of provincial People’s Committees shall grant approval of local educational materials submitted to the Minister of Education and Training and approved before July 01, 2026;

dd) Lower secondary diplomas issued before January 01, 2026 shall continue to be valid and used for study, recruitment and other civil transactions in accordance with the law;

e) If there are two or more investors who directly invest in establishment of a private educational institution in accordance with point b clause 3 Article 54 of the Law on Education No. 43/2019/QH14, an economic organization must be established according to the Government’s regulations within 12 months from January 01, 2026.

This Law was passed by the 15^th National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam during its 10^th session on December 10^th 2025.