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NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF VIETNAM |
THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM |
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Law No.: 78/2025/QH15 |
Hanoi, June 18, 2025 |
ON AMENDMENTS TO THE LAW ON PRODUCT AND GOODS QUALITY
Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, which is amended by Resolution No. 203/2025/QH15;
The National Assembly hereby issues the Law on amendments to the Law on Quality of Product and Goods No. 05/2007/QH12, which is amended by Law No. 35/2018/QH14.
Article 1. Amendments to the Law on product and goods quality
1. Amendments to Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6; addition of Articles 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6dd after Article 6:
“Article 1. Scope
This Law provides for measures for managing the product and goods quality; rights and obligations of product and goods manufacturers and providers and other organizations and individuals with operations related to product and goods quality.
Article 2. Regulated entities
This Law applies to product and goods manufacturers and providers and other organizations and individuals with operations related to product and goods quality in Vietnam.
Article 3. Term interpretation:
In this Law, the terms are construed as follows:
1. Product means the output of manufacturing, production processes or non-physical outputs created from service provision.
2. Goods mean products put into circulation on the market, serving the purpose of consumption, use or trading.
3. Product and goods quality means summary of properties of products and goods that satisfy the requirements of the applicable standards, technical regulations, or management requirements as prescribed by relevant laws.
4. Product and goods quality management is the organization and implementation of measures to control compliance with the requirements of standards, technical regulations, or management requirements as prescribed by relevant laws.
5. Risk of a product or goods is the possibility of undesirable events occurring throughout the manufacturing, transport, storage, preservation, and use processes that may negatively affect the quality, safety, or suitability of the product or goods, thereby impacting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, enterprises, and related parties.
Risk level of a product or goods is the possibility of risks related to the product or goods throughout its entire lifecycle, determined by the combination of consequences when the product or goods do not conform to the applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, or suitability for intended use, and the possibility of risks occurring in practice.
7. Product and goods quality inspection is the process whereby a competent state authority reviews and assesses the quality of products or goods during manufacturing, export, import, and circulation in the market.
8. A digital product passport (DPP) means a set of information about the product and its supply chain, stored via barcode or other suitable methods or through an information database accessible via a link, ensuring it can be read or connected through appropriate devices.
Article 4. Law application
Manufacturing, export, import, and market circulation activities related to product and goods quality must comply with this Law. In cases where other relevant laws provide different regulations on quality management, those regulations of such laws and the rules specified in points a, b, and dd of Clause 4 of Article 5 hereof.
Article 5. Rules for classification and management of product and goods quality
1. Products and goods are classified based on their risk levels, conformity with international practices; warnings from relevant international organizations regarding the products and goods; and the management capacity of state authorities at each period.
2. Products and goods are classified into three categories:
a) Products and goods with low risk level;
a) Products and goods with medium risk level;
c) Products and goods with high-risk level;
3. Criteria for risk assessment include: the level of impact on health and the environment, the ability to control the supply chain, and warnings from international organizations.
4. Management of product and goods quality shall be carried according to following rules:
a) Management of products and goods must ensure effectiveness, transparency, objectivity, and the conformity with the risk level; ensure no discrimination based on goods origin and organizations and individuals involved, the conformity with international practices, no unnecessary technical barriers; protect the rights of the State, and the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and consumers;
b) Products and goods with low risk level must have their applicable standards declared by organizations or individuals;
c) Products and goods with medium risk level must have their applicable standards declared by organizations or individuals; and must be assessed by such organizations or individuals or have their conformity certified by recognized certification organizations according to the corresponding national technical regulations as prescribed by laws on standards and technical regulations;
d) Products and goods with high risk level must have their applicable standards declared by organizations or individuals and have their conformity certified by designated certification organizations according to the corresponding national technical regulations as prescribed by laws on standards and technical regulations;
dd) Products and goods with medium/high risk level must be managed by a list attached with corresponding quality management requirements, which clearly determine products and goods subject to other management measures prescribed by relevant laws.
5. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 6. State policies on product and goods quality-related activities
1. Encourage organizations and individuals to develop and apply advanced standards for products and goods, as well as management and operation of manufacturing, export, import, and market circulation; enable domestic and foreign organizations and individuals’ investment and participation in conformity assessment.
2. Develop a national program to improve productivity, quality, and competitiveness of products and goods; support capacity building for small- and medium-sized enterprises in the national quality infrastructure.
3. Invest in and develop national quality infrastructure to meet the requirements of manufacturing, export, import, market circulation, and state management of product and goods quality.
4. Disseminate and popularize policies and laws on product and goods quality; diversify and innovate dissemination methods; develop awareness in the manufacturing, export, import, and circulation of quality products and goods for the benefit of consumers, energy saving, and environmental friendliness; raise social awareness about consumption, build civilized consumption habits, and promote sustainable development; disseminate the role of the National Quality prize.
5. Promote international cooperation on product and goods quality to expand export markets; prioritize signing and encourage mutual recognition of conformity assessment results between Vietnam and international partners; avoid unnecessary technical barriers; reduce compliance costs and enable trade of Vietnamese goods in international markets.
6. Encourage and assist enterprises in applying traceability systems and digital technology to improve the transparency of information regarding origin, manufacturing processes, supply chains, and product quality; establish mechanisms for supply chain certification that allow independent, objective verification in line with international practices to improve transparency in quality, traceability, and prevent commercial fraud.
Article 6a. Responsibilities for state management of product and goods quality
1. The Government shall unify the state management of product and goods quality nationwide.
2. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be accountable to the Government for unified state management of product and goods quality under the regulations of this Law.
3. Ministries and ministerial agencies shall perform state management of product and goods quality within their jurisdiction.
The Minister of National Defense and the Minister of Public Security shall elaborate the implementation of state management of product and goods quality within their respective management, conforming with the requirements and duties of ensuring national defense and security after consultation and agreement with the Minister of Science and Technology.
The Minister of National Defense shall perform state management of product and goods quality for special objects related to cipher.
4. People’s Committees at all levels shall carry out state management of product and goods quality within their areas.
5. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 6b. National quality infrastructure
1. National quality infrastructure is a component of the socio-economic infrastructure, including organizations operating in the fields of standards, metrology, conformity assessment, accreditation, and related policies and regulations on standards, metrology, and quality, contributing to improving national competitiveness linked to sustainable development and digital transformation orientations.
2. Development of the national quality infrastructure shall be concentrated, unified, modern, and internationally integrated, based on digital technology platforms, ensuring the following requirements:
a) Unified and synchronized activities related to standards, metrology, conformity assessment, and quality inspection from central to local levels;
b) Effective connection, sharing, and use of resources to develop the national quality infrastructure according to a roadmap, with periodic assessment and report. Data sharing shall be conducted regularly and ad hoc, ensuring completeness, timeliness, and accuracy to serve inspection, warning, and quality management nationwide;
c) Development of organizations, networks of experts and human resources in standards, metrology, and conformity assessment to regional and international levels;
d) Application of new technologies, development of digital platforms in conformity assessment, promotion of recognition and mutual acceptance of conformity assessment results between Vietnam and international partners;
dd) Development of a national product and goods quality supervision system that helps enterprises transparently provide information on product and goods quality, enables management agencies to proactively supervise and inspect, and allows the public to contribute information on product and goods quality;
e) Intensify international integration in conformity assessment, fully participating in regional and international recognition forums and programs to assist exports and market expansion.
3. The State shall invest in and mobilize domestic and international resources to build the national quality infrastructure, develop strategic industrial technology products, products with new characteristics, exports, high-tech products, and improve the capacity of Vietnamese enterprises to participate in global supply chains.
4. The State shall prioritize allocating the state budget and mobilizing resources to build a national product and goods quality supervision system, connected with customs data, quality inspection data, traceability information, consumer feedback, and international warnings; ensure capacity for early warning, timely prevention, and interception of products and goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations.
5. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 6c. Capacity building assistance for enterprises in the national quality infrastructure
1. Honor and reward organizations, enterprises, state authorities, and individuals with outstanding achievements in improving the quality of products and goods; honor products and goods through product and goods quality prizes.
2. Product and goods quality prizes are regulated as follows:
a) Product and goods quality prizes include the National Quality prize and product and goods quality prizes given by organizations and individuals;
b) Conditions and procedures for assessing for the award of national quality prizes are provided for by the Government.
c) Conditions, criteria, and procedures for assessing for the award of product and goods quality prizes by organizations and individuals shall be prescribed by the Minister of Science and Technology.
3. Organizations and enterprises winning the National Quality Prize as prescribed shall be provided with the following assistance:
a) Subsidies from the state budget through programs funding for research, product and technology development, and product quality improvement;
b) Enablement of the participation in international cooperation programs to expand export markets and improve national brand value;
c) Assistance in training and development of human resources in standards, metrology, and conformity assessment;
d) Assistance in the construction and development of national brands by promoting awarded products to increase market share domestically and internationally;
dd) Assistance in the development of environmentally friendly products, green technologies, and energy-saving solutions in the production process.
4. Small and medium-sized enterprises under the National Program on improving productivity and quality in accordance with law shall be provided with the following assistance:
a) Application of management systems, basic and sector-specific productivity and quality improvement tools; new management system standards; traceability systems; good agricultural practices; organic agriculture; green productivity; and smart production;
b) Provision of advice, development, and application of international standards; testing, inspection, and certification of product and goods quality according to international standards; grant-based consultancy, testing, and certification of international standards
5. The State shall pay part or all of testing costs for key exports conducted by internationally recognized testing organizations; subsidies for standard/regulation conformity certification designated by state authorities as prescribed by law.
6. The State shall assist in providing information on international and regional standards, connecting with international standard organizations, and promoting mutual recognition of conformity assessment results to enable trade. The State shall enable enterprises’ participation in reviewing, commenting, amending, or developing standards serving manufacturing and export, especially in sectors without existing standards or applying new technologies.
7. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 6d. Traceability and transparency of product and goods supply chains
1. Traceability and transparency of product and goods supply chains must be carried out on the rules of honesty, objectivity, ensuring authenticity and verifiability; must not obstruct the circulation of goods; and must be consistent with laws on customs, trade, taxation, safeguard, and other relevant laws; assisting competent authorities in verifying the origin, manufacturing process, composition, and quality of products and goods as prescribed by law.
2. For products and goods with high-risk levels, traceability is mandatory and shall be determined by the Ministry or ministerial agency with a roadmap for implementation, ensuring feasibility, suitability to enterprises’ capacity, and the specific development characteristics of each category.
3. Organizations and individuals manufacturing, exporting, importing, and circulating products and goods are encouraged and provided with assistance to implement traceability appropriate to the scale, category’s characteristics, and business conditions.
Article 6dd. Application of technology in product and goods quality management
1. The application of technology in product and goods quality management aims to ensure information transparency, traceability, data connectivity and sharing throughout the entire product and goods lifecycle, aligned with requirements for digital economy development, circular economy, and international integration.
2. The application of technology is encouraged in activities related to standards, metrology, conformity assessment, inspection, quality supervision, and product and goods information management, including:
a) Supply chain management through numbers, barcodes, traceability, electronic labels, and digital platforms;
b) Collection, storage, and analysis of data to serve inspection, post-market surveillance, inspection, warning, and violation handling;
c) Application of digital passports of products, electronic labels, and traceability information of products and goods as prescribed by law and guidance of competent authorities;
d) Application of artificial intelligence, big data, and advanced digital technologies in activities related to standards, metrology, conformity assessment, inspection, quality supervision, and product and goods information management.
3. The State shall adopt policies to promote technology application and digital transformation in product and goods quality management; encourage organizations and individuals to invest in infrastructure, data infrastructure, and human resource development for implementation of the technology applications prescribed in this Article.
4. The application of digital technology, electronic labels, numbers, barcodes, and traceability systems must ensure data security and confidentiality throughout data collection, storage, processing, and sharing; must comply with rules for information confidentiality, privacy, and data protection as prescribed by law.
5. The Government shall elaborate this Article.”.
2. Amendments to some clauses of Article 8:
a) Amendments to clauses 9 and 10:
“9. Giving untruthful information or advertisement or committing fraudulent acts related to product and goods quality or goods origin; trading products and goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, or have unclear origin and provenance, especially on digital platforms serving electronic transactions which causes confusion or deception to consumers.
10. Concealing information about the risk levels of products and goods that may harm human health, safety of animals, plants, property, or the environment.”;
b) Addition of clauses 14 and 13:
“14. Engaging in unfair competition related to product and goods quality that causes confusion or harm to other organizations or individuals.”.
3. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 9:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 9. Rights of manufacturers”
b) Amendment to clause 3:
3. To select conformity assessment organizations to carry out assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations.”;
c) Amendment to clause 5:
5. To request sellers to cooperate in recalling and handling goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations.”;
d) Amendment to clause 7:
“7. To be entitled to recompense in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
dd) Addition of clauses 8 and 9 after clause 7:
“8. To have access to information, guidance, technical and financial support, and preferential State policies related to standards, technical regulations, conformity assessment, and management of product and goods quality.
9. To apply traceability solutions to products and goods in accordance with law.”.
4. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 10:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 10. Obligations of manufacturers”
b) Amendment to clause 1:
“1. To comply with the conditions for ensuring the quality of products before they are put on the market according to Article 28 of this Law and be accountable for products they manufacture.”;
c) Amendment to clause 4:
“4. To warn about the risk level of products and notify preventive methods to sellers and consumers.”;
d) Amendment to clause 7:
“7. To repair, exchange, or recall of defective products and goods, and refund consumers in accordance with laws on protection of consumer rights.”;
dd) Amendment to clause 8:
“8. Promptly cease manufacturing, notify relevant parties, and take measures to remedy consequences upon discovering products or goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations.”;
e) Amendment to clause 10:
“10. To pay damages in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
g) Amendment to clause 12:
“12. To pay costs for testing, certification of standard conformity, certification of regulation conformity as prescribed in Article 23a hereof; costs for sampling and testing as prescribed in Article 47 hereof; costs for sampling, testing, and inspection as prescribed in Article 58 hereof.”;
h) Addition of clauses 14, 15 and 16 after clause 13:
14. To update and provide information on product and goods quality as required by law or upon request of competent authorities.
15. To establish and operate a system to receive information and pay damages when products do not conform to declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations, causing harm to consumers, suitable to the scale and operating conditions; ensuring easy access, fair and timely resolution.
16. Store records and provide information on quality and conformity assessment results upon request of competent authorities.”.
5. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 11:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 11. Rights of importers”;
b) Amendments to clauses 2 and 3:
“2. To request exporters to supply goods of proper quality as agreed upon in contracts.
3. To select conformity assessment organizations to carry out assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations of their imports.”;
c) Amendment to clause 6:
“6. To request sellers to cooperate in recalling and handling goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations.”;
d) Amendment to clause 8:
“8. To be entitled to recompense in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
dd) Addition of clauses 9 and 10 after clause 8:
“9. To have access to information, guidance, technical and financial support, and preferential State policies related to import, conformity assessment, product labeling, and compliance with product and goods quality regulations.
10. To be provided with or have access to look up traceability information of their imports through databases provided by the exporting country or conformity assessment organizations, in order to serve transparency, public disclosure, and quality supervision requirements.”.
6. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 12:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 12. Obligations of importers”;
b) Amendments to clauses 2 and 3:
“2. To be accountable for the quality, labeling, and storage of import records in accordance with laws for their imports; provide full and accurate documents related to the quality of goods to sellers as prescribed by law to serve traceability, market surveillance, and protection of consumer rights.
3. Provide truthful information about the quality and origin of products and goods.”;
c) Amendments to clauses 6, 7, 8 and 9:
“6. To warn about the risk level of products and goods and notify preventive methods to sellers and consumers.
7. To provide information on warranty and provide warranty services for sellers and consumers.
8. To repair, exchange, or recall of defective products and goods, and refund consumers in accordance with laws on protection of consumer rights.
9. Promptly cease the import, notify relevant parties, and take measures to remedy consequences upon discovering products or goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations.”;
d) Amendment to clause 11:
“11. To destroy, recycle, or repurpose imports that do not conform to corresponding technical regulations but cannot be re-exported; bear all costs related to destruction, recycling, or repurposing of the goods and be accountable for the consequences of such actions in accordance with law.”;
dd) Amendment to clause 13:
“13. To pay damages in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
e) Amendment to clause 15l Addition of clauses 16, 17 and 18 after clause 15:
“15. To pay costs for sampling and testing as prescribed in Article 47 hereof; costs for sampling, testing, and inspection as prescribed in Article 58 hereof.
16. Cooperate with competent State authorities in risk assessment, supervision, and early warning for imports with medium or high-risk level that do not conform to technical regulations or violate regulations on protection of consumer rights.
17. Publicize contact information and systems for receiving feedback on the quality of imports; cooperate in resolving complaints and disputes arising related to the quality of imports.
18. To establish and operate a system to receive information and pay damages when products do not conform to declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations, causing harm to consumers, suitable to the scale and operating conditions; ensuring easy access, fair and timely resolution.
7. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 13:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 13. Rights of exporters”;
b) Amendment to clause 7:
“7. To be entitled to recompense in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
c) Addition of clauses 8 and 9 after clause 7:
“8. To have access to information, guidance, technical and financial support, and preferential State policies related to standards, technical regulations, conformity assessment, and management of product and goods quality.
9. To have the right to use conformity assessment results from domestic or foreign organizations in cases where such results have been mutually recognized or accepted under international treaties or agreements to which Vietnam is a signatory, in accordance with laws on standards and technical regulations.”.
8. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 14:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 14. Obligations of exporters”;
b) Amendment to clause 4; Addition of clauses 5, 6 and 7 after clause 4:
“4. To pay costs for testing, certification of standard conformity, certification of regulation conformity as prescribed in Article 23a hereof, costs for sampling and testing as prescribed in Article 47 hereof and costs for sampling, testing, and inspection as prescribed in Article 58 hereof.
5. To provide full and truthful information about the applied standards and traceability of goods to importers upon request by competent authorities of the importing country in accordance with the importing country’s laws.
6. To comply with the regulations of the importing country’s laws, commercial contracts, or relevant international treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a signatory.
7. To organize the implementation of traceability for exports as requested by the importing country.”.
9. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 15:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 15. Rights of sellers”;
b) Amendment to clause 6:
“6. To be entitled to recompense in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
c) Addition of clauses 7 and 8 after clause 6:
“7. To have the right to access traceability information and product quality data from manufacturers or importers, or from electronic information systems as prescribed by law, to serve sales activities and provide transparent information to consumers.
8. To receive guidance and technical support from manufacturers or importers in inspecting, preserving, transporting, providing information, and fulfilling obligations related to product and goods quality.”.
10. Amendments to the title and some clauses of Article 16:
a) Amendment to the title of the Article:
“Article 16. Obligations of sellers”;
b) Amendment to clause 1:
“1. To comply with the conditions for ensuring the quality of products on the market according to Article 34a of this Law and be accountable for product quality.”;
c) Amendment to clause 3:
“3. Provide truthful information about the quality and origin of products and goods.”;
d) Amendments to clauses 6, 7, 8 and 9:
“7. To provide documents and information regarding the goods under inspection to teams/authorities inspecting product quality.
8. To promptly provide information on medium and high risk levels of products and goods and preventive measures to buyers upon receiving warnings from manufacturers or importers.
9. To promptly cease sales, notify manufacturers, importers, and buyers upon discovering products or goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations or other regulations on product and goods quality management.”;
dd) Amendments to clauses 11 and 12:
“11. To cooperate with manufacturers or importers in recalling and disposing of products and goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards, technical regulations, or other regulations on product and goods quality management.
12. To pay damages in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.”;
e) Amendment to clause 14 Addition of clauses 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 after clause 14:
“14. To pay costs for sampling and testing as prescribed in Article 23a hereof; costs for sampling, testing, and inspection as prescribed in Article 58 hereof.
15. To comply with e-commerce laws and laws on product and goods quality when selling goods on digital platforms serving electronic transactions.
16. To inspect and verify product and goods information posted on digital platforms serving electronic transactions that they manage or use to ensure compliance with laws on product and goods quality; laws on product labeling and traceability.
17. To establish and maintain systems to receive feedback and complaints about product and goods quality; cooperate with manufacturers and importers to promptly handle and resolve in accordance with law.
18. To cease the sales of products and goods that have been determined by competent state authorities to not conforming to technical regulations or declared applicable standards, or have been subject to recall or market circulation suspension decisions.
19. To establish mechanisms to receive and resolve request for recompense when products or goods do not conform to standards, technical regulations, or pose harm to consumers, suitable to the scale and operating conditions; ensure easy access, fair and timely resolution.”.
11. c) Amendment to title of Section 2 of Chapter II:
“Section 2
RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF CONSUMERS, SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN PROTECTION OF CONSUMER RIGHTS, AND SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS”.
12. Amendments to some clauses of Article 17:
a) Amendment to clause 1:
“1. To be provided with truthful information on the safety and quality of products and goods and provided with instructions on their transportation, storage, preservation and use; be provided with information about organizations and individuals manufacturing, exporting, importing, and circulating products and goods in the market.”;
b) Amendments to clauses 4 and 5:
“4. To be entitled to recompense in accordance with Section 2 of Chapter V hereof and other relevant law.
5. To request organizations and individuals manufacturing, exporting, importing, and circulating goods in the market to fulfill their obligations to protect consumer rights as prescribed by the law on protection of consumer rights.”;
h) Addition of clauses 7, 8, 9 and 10 after clause 6:
“7. To have the right to trace, search, and compare full and transparent information about quality characteristics, origin, applied standards, and conformity assessment results of products and goods through product labels, electronic labels, numbers, barcodes, or other appropriate means.
8. To have the right to access and use online or direct complaint and feedback systems provided by organizations and individuals manufacturing, exporting, importing, circulating in the market, competent State authorities, or social organizations participating in protection of consumer rights.
9. To access warning information about products and goods that do not conform to the declared applicable standards and corresponding technical regulations, which may pose harm to human health, property, or the environment, provided by State authorities, manufacturers, importers, exporters, and sellers.
10. Other rights as prescribed by the laws on protection of consumer rights, electronic transactions, e-commerce, and other related laws.”.
“Article 18. Obligations of buyers
1. To use products and goods correctly according to their intended purpose and technical instructions; do not cause harm or affect the safety, health, environment, and rights of other organizations and individuals.
2. To check products and goods before acceptance; promptly notify the sellers if any abnormal signs are detected.
3. To comply with regulations on preservation, use, operation, and warranty and maintenance conditions of products and goods.
4. To cooperate with manufacturers, importers, exporters, sellers and competent authorities in recalling and disposing of products and goods that are unsafe or do not conform to the declared applicable standards, technical regulations, or other regulations on product and goods quality management.
5. Other obligations as prescribed by the laws on protection of consumer rights, electronic transactions, e-commerce, and other related laws.”.
14. Amendment to Articles 21 and 22:
“Article 21. Rights and obligations of socio-professional organizations
1. Rights of socio-professional organizations include:
a) To organize training, refresher training in methods to manage product and goods quality;
b) Give feedback on legislative documents on product and goods quality;
c) To conduct social criticism in product and goods quality management;
d) To file complaints and lawsuits to protect the legitimate rights and interests of members in disputes related to product and goods quality;
dd) To participate in supervising the implementation of policies and laws on product and goods quality; submit opinions and petitions to competent authorities regarding shortcomings in enforcement or violations by related organizations and individuals.
2. Obligations of socio-professional organizations include:
a) To disseminate and popularize laws on product and goods quality to manufacturers, importers, exporters, sellers; encourage manufacturing and trading in goods that ensure the quality, consumer rights, energy saving, and environmental friendliness;
b) To assist, raise awareness and encourage organizations and individuals to comply with laws on product and goods quality;
c) To participate in executing programs and projects to improve productivity, quality, and develop national quality infrastructure as assigned by competent State authorities.
Article 22. Rights and obligations of social organizations participating in protection of consumer rights
1. Rights of social organizations participating in protection of consumer rights include:
a) To represent consumers to protect their legitimate rights and interests in cases of having complaints and feedback regarding products and goods that do not conform to declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, labeling information, or quality commitments in contracts;
b) To cooperate with state authority managing product and goods quality in providing information, submitting opinions, and providing early warnings about products and goods suspected of violating standards, technical regulations, incorrect labeling, or posing risks to human health, property, animals, plants, or the environment; participate in independent surveys and quality testing of goods on the market or digital platforms serving electronic transactions; cooperate in post-inspections, traceability, and risk assessment to support inspection and violation handling.
2. Obligations of social organizations participating in protection of consumer rights include:
a) To ensure objectivity, honesty, and transparency when conducting surveys, submitting opinions, testing, and cooperate in inspecting products and goods quality;
b) To promptly share complete information with competent state regulatory authority upon detecting signs of violations or risks harmful to consumers.”.
15. Amendment to title of Chapter III:
“Chapter III
MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCT AND GOODS QUALITY IN MANUFACTURING, EXPORT, IMPORT, CIRCULATION ON THE MARKET AND ON DIGITAL PLATFORMS SERVING ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS”.
16. Amendment to Article 23; addition of Articles 23a and 23b after Article 23:
Article 23. Declaration of applicable standards, declaration of standard conformity, declaration of regulation conformity
1. Manufacturers/Importers shall declare the applicable standards in accordance with laws on standards and technical regulations.
2. The declaration of applicable standards shall be made in one of the following forms:
a) On the goods;
b) On the goods’ packaging;
c) On the goods’ label;
d) In documents accompanying the product or goods.
3. The declaration of standard conformity and regulation conformity shall be conducted in accordance with the law on standards and technical regulations.
Article 23a. Costs for testing, certification of standard conformity, certification of regulation conformity
1. Manufacturers must pay costs for testing, certification of standard conformity, certification of regulation conformity according to agreements with testing organizations and certification organizations. Testing organizations and certification organizations must publicly disclose testing and certification costs.
2. In cases where products and goods fall under state-supported programs or projects, such costs shall be paid according to the financial mechanism and specific guidance of the competent state regulatory authorities.
Article 23b. Designation of conformity assessment organizations, recognition of conformity assessment results
1. A designated conformity assessment organization is a conformity assessment organization qualified to operate according to the law on standards and technical regulations and must satisfy the following conditions:
a) Have the management system recognized as compliant with the requirements of the corresponding national or international standards as prescribed by law;
b) Have proficient test results or inter-laboratory comparison meeting requirements for the testing methods of products and goods registered for designation testing for the testing organization;
c) Register designated activities with competent state authorities as prescribed by law.
2. The designation of conformity assessment organization is based on the assessment of completeness and validity of applications, technical capability, and ability to maintain conditions as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, and the needs of state management at each period.
3. Ministries/ministerial agencies shall make decisions on designations and publicly list designated conformity assessment organization on the national database on standards, metrology, and quality which shall be updated periodically to ensure transparency.
4. Designated conformity assessment organizations shall be subject to periodic or surprised inspections and supervision by state authorities to ensure maintenance of operational conditions and quality of assessment results.
5. Designated conformity assessment organizations that violate the law shall be handled according to the extent of violations under the law.
Ministries and ministerial agencies shall review and make a decision on revoking designation decisions if conformity assessment organizations violate regulations on designated conformity assessment.
6. The State encourages conformity assessment organizations to participate in serving state management. The designation of conformity assessment organizations shall be performed on principles of transparency, non-duplication, non-overlapping competition, ensuring quality and management efficiency.
7. Ministries and ministerial agencies shall prioritize using assessment and inspection results of other agencies when assessing conformity assessment organizations registering for designated activities, ensuring openness, avoiding duplication and overlap, and complying with relevant law.
8. Regulations on mutual recognition agreements and unilateral recognition of conformity assessment results serving state management shall be comply with laws on standards and technical regulations.
9. The Government shall elaborate this Article.”.
“Article 28. Quality assurance of products in manufacturing before being put on the market
1. Manufactures must comply with the following product quality management requirements during manufacturing:
a) Apply an appropriate quality management system as prescribed by laws to control the manufacturing process, ensuring that products meet the declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, and other relevant laws;
b) Declare the applicable standards as prescribed in Article 23 hereof; implement labeling of goods, electronic labels, or digital passports of the product; display information on traceability, numbers, and barcodes of products in accordance with laws on goods labeling and traceability;
c) Comply with technical regulations related to the manufacturing process;
d) Declare regulation conformity as prescribed by the law on standards and technical regulations for products and goods with medium or high-risk level;
dd) Store records and documents on product quality, conformity assessment results, regulation conformity declarations, and standard conformity declarations as prescribed by law to serve traceability and post-market inspection.
2. For small-scale manufacturing establishments, product quality assurance shall be carried out according to regulations and guidance from Ministries or ministerial agencies, based on suitability with scale, category characteristics, risk management requirements, ensuring consumer and environmental safety.’.
18. Amendments to Articles 32 and 33:
“Article 32. Quality assurance of exports
Exporters must ensure that their exports conform to the importing country’s regulations, contracts, or international treaties and agreements on mutual recognition of conformity assessment results with the relevant countries or territories.
Article 33. Measures for disposal of exports that are not qualified
Goods failing to satisfied the quality requirements for export as prescribed in Article 32 hereof, which cannot be exported or are returned, shall be subject to one or more of the following measures depending on the nature and severity of violations, applied by the product and goods quality inspection agency:
1. Implement quality inspection measures in manufacturing as prescribed in Article 46 hereof; follow procedures as regulated by the Government for exports that do not conform to declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations and affect national interests and reputation;
2. Be put on the domestic market if the quality of goods meets Vietnamese standards, corresponding technical regulations, or other management requirements of relevant laws;
3. Require the manufacturers to remedy or repair the goods so that they can continue to be exported or put on the Vietnamese market, ensuring compliance with corresponding technical regulations or other management requirements of relevant laws;
4. Send petitions to competent state authorities to make decision on the destruction of goods that do not meet technical regulations and other relevant laws and cannot be remedied or repaired.
19. Amendment to Article 34; addition of Articles 34a and 34b after Article 34:
“Article 34. Quality assurance of imports
1. Before being put on the market, imports must satisfy the following conditions:
a) Have applicable standards declared as prescribed in Article 23 hereof;
b) Implement labeling of goods in accordance with law, including physical labels, electronic labels, or digital passports of the product; display information on traceability, numbers, and barcodes of products in accordance with laws on goods labeling and traceability.
2. Regulation conformity must be declared in accordance with the law on standards and technical regulations for imports with medium risk levels based on self-assessment results or results of certification of conformity with corresponding national technical regulations issued by recognized certification organizations before being put on the market or other management requirements of relevant laws. In case goods do not conform to technical regulations or declared applicable standards, importers must promptly report to competent authorities and organize disposal and recall of such goods as prescribed by law.
If importers have declared conformity for goods with medium risk, they are not required to declare conformity again for the same types of goods unless there are changes in national technical regulations, product characteristics from manufacturers, or risk warnings from competent Vietnamese authorities.
3. Register quality inspection for imports with high-risk levels on the National Single Window Portal.
4. Increase inspection frequency as regulated for imports originating from countries or territories flagged for high-quality risks or organizations and individuals with repeated violations of product and goods quality regulations.
5. Inspection agencies are responsible for monitoring, supervising, and warning about quality violations of imports.
6. The Government shall elaborate this Article; procedures for inspection, exemption, reduction of inspection, and handling of quality violations during inspection of imports with medium or high-risk level.
Article 34a. Quality assurance of products put on the market
1. Goods put on the market must meet the following conditions:
a) Comply with corresponding technical regulations or internal control measures to maintain product quality during transportation, storage, preservation, and distribution;
b) Be labeled by physical labels, electronic labels, or digital passports of the product; display information on numbers, barcodes, traceability, and product quality as prescribed by law;
c) Have information updated on electronic data systems to serve traceability and post-market inspection as guided by competent state authorities.
2. Sellers shall ensure the quality of their goods complies with declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, and are subject to quality inspection as regulated in Article 45 hereof.
3. Goods put on the market must ensure quality conformity with declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, and be subject to quality inspection as prescribed in Article 45 hereof.
4. Cross-border trade of goods that are put on the domestic market by border residents must meet the following minimum requirements:
a) Ensure quality and safety, not adversely affect human health, environment, or consumer rights according to other relevant laws;
b) Ensure transparency, authenticity, verifiability, conformity with international practices in management, and avoid unnecessary trade barriers;
c) Ministries and ministerial agencies shall provide guidance for border residents to provide information on goods, declare origin, comply with quality-related obligations; organize inspection, post-market inspection, and risk monitoring suitable for product characteristics and actual conditions in border areas.
5. The Government shall elaborate clauses 1, 2 and 3 of this Article; procedures for inspection, handling of violations against regulations on quality of goods put on the market.
Article 34b. Quality assurance of products on digital platforms serving electronic transactions
1. Goods on digital platforms serving electronic transactions must comply with Clauses 1 and 2, Article 34a hereof.
2. Sellers shall provide full information about product quality on digital platforms serving electronic transactions, including:
a) Name of goods, origin, name of the manufacturer or importer responsible for product quality;
b) Standard conformity marks, regulation conformity marks as prescribed by law;
c) Usage instructions, safety warnings (if any);
d) Other information as required by relevant laws.
3. Responsibilities of the administrators of intermediary digital platforms serving electronic transactions include:
a) Request seller on intermediary digital platforms to provide required information as per Clause 2 of this Article;
b) Take measures to inspect and dispose of goods violating laws on quality upon detection or upon request from competent state regulatory authorities;
c) Establish and operate systems to receive and handle feedback and complaints from consumers related to product and goods quality;
d) Cooperate with competent authorities in inspection, verification, and handling of violations related to product and goods quality;
dd) Comply with laws on electronic transactions, e-commerce, and other relevant laws.
4. Administrators of digital platforms serving electronic transactions shall comply with laws on electronic transactions, e-commerce, and other relevant laws.”.
20. c) Amendment to Chapter IV:
“Chapter IV
INSPECTION OF PRODUCT AND GOODS QUALITY
Article 45. Inspection of product and goods quality
1. Inspection of product and goods quality is conducted based on the rules of risk management, with an emphasis on targeted post-market inspections, relying on data analysis, traceability, and information from the National Database on standards, metrology, and quality. Digital technology and smart systems are encouraged to be applied in selecting inspection targets and methods.
2. The scope of quality inspection includes:
a) Inspection during manufacturing regarding compliance with Article 28 hereof;
b) Inspection during import and market circulation regarding compliance with Articles 34, 34a, and 34b hereof;
c) Quality inspection is not applied to exports, except when requested by the importing country, international treaties, or other relevant laws.
3. The quality inspection agencies are state authorities of Ministries, ministerial authorities, or relevant authorities of People’s Committees of provinces/cities assigned or delegated to perform state inspection tasks as prescribed by law. Assignment, delegation, and cooperation in inspections shall comply with Article 48 hereof.
4. Inspection methods are conducted directly or indirectly based on available data on product risk levels, traceability information, numbers, barcodes, standard conformity certificates, regulation conformity certificates, and data from recognized quality management systems or connected to state regulatory authorities, combined with quality violation warnings.
5. When necessary, quality inspection agencies shall conduct sample testing according to declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations to verify product quality as prescribed by law.
6. Exemption or reduction of quality inspection applies to products and goods that have standard conformity certificates, regulation conformity certificates, declarations of conformity, or certifications of application of advanced management systems according to international or regional standards, as prescribed by the Government.
7. For high-risk products and goods, quality inspection agencies shall conduct periodic or surprised sampling at appropriate locations based on management requirements to intensify inspection of these products and goods.
8. Quality inspection agencies shall cooperate and share data to ensure consistency, avoid overlaps, and improve the efficiency of product and goods quality management.
9. Based on inspection requirements, the quality inspection agency shall establish an Inspection Team. The team consists of quality controllers and relevant cadres, civil servants, public employees, and technical experts. The team operates according to an approved plan and is accountable to the law for conclusions, petitions, and inspection records.
10. Quality inspection agencies shall organize quality surveys of goods to collect and analyze actual information about the quality status of goods on the market to serve risk warnings and determine the basis for key inspections.
11. The Government shall elaborate the contents, procedures for product and goods quality inspection, operations of the Inspection Team and goods quality survey.
Article 46. Inspection of quality of products in manufacturing
1. Quality inspection during manufacturing is conducted to promptly detect and prevent products that do not conform to declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations before being put on the market.
2. Quality inspection agencies shall conduct planned or surprised inspections. Selection of inspection targets and contents is based on at least one of the following information:
a) Analysis of risks and impact on health, safety, and the environment;
b) Results of analysis and data processing from consumer warning, feedback and complaint systems; traceability data, conformity assessment records;
c) Information and warnings from state authorities, social organizations participating in protecting consumer rights, social-professional organizations, conformity assessment organizations, and other social supervision channels
3. Quality inspection during manufacturing is independent of enterprises’ own inspections. The inspection results shall serve as the ground for the following:
a) Request manufacturers to remedy violations and recall non-conforming products;
b) Issue decisions on penalties for administrative violation according to law if violations are detected;
c) Warn consumers or publicly disclose information if products affect community safety and health;
d) Propose forwarding violation dossiers to competent authorities for handling as prescribed by relevant laws.
4. Inspections must ensure objectivity, publicity, transparency, and not obstruct business operations. Inspection content, procedures, and methods are uniformly prescribed. Digital technologies are applied in data collection, storage, and use for inspection purposes.
5. The Government shall elaborate the contents, procedures for product quality inspection in manufacturing and handling of violations during the process of product quality inspection in manufacturing.
Article 47. Costs for conformity assessment serving inspection of product and goods quality
1. Costs for imports:
a) Importers shall pay testing and certification costs as agreed with testing and certification organizations. Testing and certification organizations must publicly disclose their fees;
b) For imports eligible for exemption or reduction of quality inspection under State support programs, payment is made according to financial mechanisms guided by competent authorities.
2. Sampling and testing costs for quality inspection and resolution of complaint on product and goods quality:
a) Costs for sampling and testing to inspect quality of products during manufacturing and goods on the market are paid by the quality inspection agencies and included in their operational budget;
b) In cases where manufacturer/sellers violate regulations on quality according to inspection conclusions, they must reimburse sampling and testing costs to the inspection agencies;
c) If complaints or denunciations about product quality are found to be unfounded according to inspection conclusions, complainants or denunciators must reimburse sampling and testing costs to the inspection agencies.
Article 48. Assignment, delegation of responsibilities and cooperation in inspection of product and goods quality
1. Quality inspection agencies of Ministries, ministerial agencies, and the Government Cipher Committee shall conduct quality inspections for products in manufacturing, exports, imports, and goods on the market within their assigned management scope as prescribed by the Government.
2. The quality inspection agencies of People’s Committees of provinces/cities shall carry out quality inspections according to delegation; cooperate with Ministries and ministerial agencies in inspecting product and goods quality as prescribed by law.
3. Quality inspection agencies specified in Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article shall:
a) Cooperate in inspections and handling violations during quality inspection;
b) Update and share inspection data on the national product and goods quality supervision system;
c) Avoid duplication and overlap in inspections of the same types of products and goods.
4. Quality inspections must comply with the principle of classification based on risk levels, ensuring transparency, consistency, effectiveness, and enabling manufacturing, export, import, and market circulation.
5. Commune-level People’s Committees shall cooperate with market surveillance forces and quality inspection agencies at all levels to inspect the quality of goods on the market; detect and record initial information; report to competent authorities upon signs of violations against regulations on quality; and organize public communication and warnings in their areas for products and goods with medium or high risk levels or suspected of violating regulations on product and goods quality.
6. The Government shall provide for the cooperation mechanism, data development t and sharing, and operation of the national product and goods quality supervision system
Article 49. Quality controllers
1. Quality controllers are civil servants, public employees, or officers in the People’s armed forces who perform inspection for product and goods quality as prescribed by this Law and other relevant laws.
2. The Government shall elaborate this Article.”.
21. Amendment to Article 54; addition of Articles 54a and 54b after Article 54:
“Article 54. Disputes and forms of resolution regarding product and goods quality
1. Disputes over product and goods quality:
a) Disputes between buyers and importers/sellers, or among merchants themselves due to products or goods not conforming to declared applicable standards, corresponding technical regulations, or quality agreements in contracts;
b) Disputes between importers/sellers and consumers or related parties due to products or goods not conforming to declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations causing damage to people, animals, plants, property, or the environment.
2. Forms of resolving disputes over product and goods quality:
a) Negotiation between disputing parties regarding product or goods quality;
b) Mediation conducted by an agency, organization, or individual agreed upon by the parties as intermediary;
c) Resolution by arbitration or court according to the laws on arbitration or civil procedure.
Article 54a. Initiation of lawsuits to protect consumer rights and violation warning
1. Social organizations participating in consumer protection have the right to file civil lawsuits to protect the common interests of consumers when products or goods do not conform to declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations causing damage to consumers as prescribed by law.
2. Dispute resolution agencies shall provide information and documents related to violations against regulations on product and goods quality-to-quality inspection agencies and competent state regulatory authorities for timely inspection, handling, and risk warning as prescribed by law.
22. Amendment to clause 1 of Article 56:
“1. Statute of limitations for lawsuits related to product and goods on product and goods quality between buyers and sellers shall comply with the Civil Code.”.
23. Amendments to Articles 61 and 62:
“Article 61. Recompense liabilities
1. Manufacturers/importers shall pay damages to sellers or consumers when their goods cause harms to the latter due to their failure to ensure conformity with the declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations, except for cases specified in Clause 1 of Article 62 hereof. Damages shall be paid according to agreements between involved parties or court decisions or arbitral awards.
2. Sellers shall pay damages to buyers/consumers when their goods cause harms to the latter due to their failure to ensure conformity with the declared applicable standards or corresponding technical regulations, except for cases specified in Clause 2 of Article 62 hereof. Damages shall be paid according to agreements between involved parties or court decisions or arbitral awards.
“Article 62. Cases in which recompense is not required
1. Manufacturers/importers shall not have to recompense if:
a) The damage occurs because the consumer intentionally uses products or goods that have expired or have clear warning about the risk level of the products or goods;
b) The time limit for filing complaints or lawsuits has expired as prescribed by law;
c) It is proven that product or goods defects could not be detected with the scientific and technological level at the time the products or goods caused damages, and the consumer had received full information about the defective products or goods but still intentionally used them;
d) The damage occurs entirely due to the fault of the seller or the consumer.
2. Sellers are not required to recompense in the following cases:
a) The damage occurs because the consumer intentionally uses products or goods that have expired or knowingly uses defective goods;
b) The time limit for filing complaints or lawsuits has expired as prescribed by law;
c) Defects in goods arise due to manufacturers or importers complying with compulsory regulations of competent state authorities at the time of manufacturing or import;
d) The damage occurs entirely due to the fault of the consumer.
3. Other cases as prescribed by laws on protection of consumer rights and other relevant laws.”.
24. Amendments to clauses 2 and 3 of Article 66:
“2. Organizations violating the law on product and goods quality shall, depending on the nature and severity of their violations, shall face administrative penalties or criminal prosecution and recompense for any damage caused. The list of organizations and individuals violating regulations on goods quality shall be publicly posted on the National Database on standards, metrology, quality, and mass media to warn society and protect consumer rights.
3. The fine level imposed on administrative violations specified in Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article must be at least equal to the value of consumed products or goods in violation but must not exceed five times that value; money gained from violations shall be confiscated in accordance with law.”.
25. Article 7, Clause 4 of Article 13, Clauses 2 and 3 of Article 17, Articles 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 35, 36, 37, 55; the title of Section 3 of Chapter II; Section 5 and Section 6 of Chapter III, Section 3 of Chapter V, Chapter VI are annulled.
This Law comes into force from January 01, 2026.
Article 3. Transitional clauses
1. Organizations and individuals with products or goods that have had declarations of standard conformity, declarations of regulation conformity, or have been granted certificates of standard conformity or regulation conformity before the effective date of this Law shall continue to follow the validity period stated in the declarations or certificates already granted.
Organizations and individuals who have submitted applications for declarations of standard conformity, declarations of regulation conformity, or registration for inspection of quality of imports but have not yet been granted certificates of standard conformity or regulation conformity or received notices of inspection of quality of imports by the effective date of this Law shall continue to follow the regulations of the Law on product and goods quality No. 05/2007/QH12, which is amended by Law No. 35/2018/QH14.
2. Conformity assessment organizations designated before the effective date of this Law shall continue conducting conformity assessment until the expiration date stated in the designation decisions.
This Law was ratified by the 9th meeting of the 15th National Assembly of Socialist Republic of Vietnam on June 18, 2025.
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PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY Tran Thanh Man |
